Marketsensus: China Pharmaceutical Market Shows Signs of Phenomenal Growth of 26.5%
Hong Kong (PRWEB) September 15, 2011
This Marketsensus report provides complete overview on the China pharmaceutical Market
The Chinese hospital prescription pharma market generated sales of $ 22.9 billion in 2009, with an annual growth rate of 26.5% between 2008 and 2009. Key growth drivers include China’s support of foreign direct investment, low operating costs, growing economic wealth and a government stimulus of $ 125 billion to be spent on healthcare reforms during 2009–2011.
Overview of socioeconomic and demographic trends, healthcare system, regulation, pricing and reimbursement and intellectual property position in China
Assesses the size of the Chinese pharmaceutical market by prescribing setting, therapy area, leading brands and by leading companies
Examines the Chinese generics and biosimilars landscape in terms of regulatory issues, level of penetration, key players and degree of brand erosion
Quantifies the R&D and manufacturing infrastructure for the leading pharmaceutical companies, including key metrics and domestic M&A analysis
Report Highlights
The combination of China’s rising population to 2030, plus the expansion of the elderly population, as a proportion of the total population, will create additional pressure on the government in terms of healthcare provision especially for the elderly.
According to the Ministry of Health, by the end of October 2010, the three public health insurance schemes covered 1,233 million Chinese citizens, accounting for more than 90% of the total population.
Domestic manufacturers dominate the Chinese generics market, accounting for nearly 99% of generics sales of both branded and unbranded generics. The domestic industry has expanded rapidly as companies have improved their manufacturing capacities.
Reasons to Purchase
Evaluate the evolving regulatory landscape and the impact of pricing and reimbursement controls on market access in China
Quantify the size and growth of the prescription pharmaceutical market in China, analyzing key therapy areas, brands and companies
Assess drivers and resistors of generic and biosimilars uptake in China
About the Strategic Pharmaceutical Analysis Team 2
Geographic specific reports: 2
Global issue reports: 2
Executive Summary 3
Introduction 3
Strategic scoping and focus 4
Key findings – Healthcare drivers and resistors in China 5
China – Socio-demographic and economic analysis 8
Socio-demographic trends 8
Socio-economic trends 9
China – Healthcare system and drug regulatory analysis 11
Healthcare expenditure 11
Healthcare system 12
Healthcare insurance 12
Regulatory issues 12
Pricing and reimbursement issues 13
China – Prescription pharmaceutical sales analysis 15
Pharmaceutical market size 15
Leading therapy areas 15
Leading prescription pharmaceutical brands 15
Leading pharmaceutical companies 15
China – Drug expiry analysis 17
China generics market 17
China brand erosion post patent expiry 17
China biosimilars market 17
China – Pharmaceutical Industry Infrastructure analysis 19
Related reports 21
Upcoming related reports 21
Table of Contents 22
2. China – Socio-demographic and economic analysis 23
China – Key findings 23
Socio-demographic trends 23
Socio-economic trends 23
China – Demographic trends 25
Chinese population growth rate expected to slow 25
Birth rate in China is declining 28
Proportion of elderly people in the China expected to rise 29
Life expectancy will continue to increase in China and across other markets 30
China – Disease burden 31
No longer Kingdom of Bicycles, but still Kingdom of Cigarettes 33
Demographic changes lead to increase in more Westernized chronic conditions 33
Tuberculosis prevalence is high but is declining 34
Hepatitis incidence increasing despite universal vaccination coverage 34
China – Regional score card analysis 36
Mainland China is divided into 31 administrative regions (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, and 4 municipality cities) 37
Total healthcare scores of different regions in China 38
The eastern coastal provinces are more densely populated than the western interior 39
Disparity of economic development directly impacts the healthcare expenditure 40
Most hospitals are situated in big cities in China 45
Lifeexpectancy is higher in the eastern coastal provinces 51
China – Political climate 52
Overview of Chinese governmental departments and healthcare reform policies 52
China – Economic climate 55
Government’s stimulus plan compensates for the global recession 55
Pharma has historically been relatively well insulated from the recession 58
China – Business environment 59
Factors responsible for driving China’s strong GDP growth 59
Foreign direct investment is contributing to economic growth 59
Low cost manufacturing drivers exports 60
Taxation system in China – complex but R&D tax credits exist 61
Corruption remains widespread 61
Cultural differences and the language barrier can impact business with Western companies 62
China’s unemployment rate – official versus unofficial reports 62
Renminbi (RMB) appreciation and its impact on the pharmaceutical industry 63
3. China – Healthcare system and drug regulatory analysis 66
China – Key findings 66
Healthcare expenditure 66
Healthcare system 66
Healthcare insurance 66
Regulatory issues 67
Pricing and reimbursement issues 67
China – Healthcare expenditure 69
China – Healthcare system 71
Regulatory healthcare bodies 71
Ministry of Health sets the high-level policies 72
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security oversees the national medical insurance system 72
The National Council for Social Security Fund is often surrounded by scandals 72
China Insurance Regulatory Commission regulates private insurance sector 72
National Development and Reform Commission oversees overall policy development 72
State Administration for Industry and Commerce 73
China’s healthcare reform 73
China healthcare reform, 2010-2020 The Glorious Ten? 75
China – Health insurance 77
China – Social health insurance 78
The introduction of the urban employee Basic Medical Insurance System has improved health insurance coverage in cities 79
The unemployed are offered a very basic health insurance 80
Rural health insurance coverage is increasing but the benefits are insufficient 80
China – Private health insurance 82
Primary versus secondary care 83
China – Regulatory issues 84
State Food and Drug Administration is the watchdog for drug registration and safety issues 84
Evolution of the SFDA 85
Drug classification in China 87
Drug Monitoring Period 87
Drug registration in China 87
New Provisions for Drug Registration led to a fall in drug approvals 91
New pathway for expedited drug approval 91
GMP regulation in China 92
Intellectual property protection 93
State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) 93
China provides 6 years of data exclusivity for pharmaceuticals, but it is not applied adequately in practice 94
Patent breakage 95
Case of Pfizer’s Viagra fight in China 95
China’s compulsory licensing policy is a cause for concern 96
Despite improvements China remains on the USTR Priority Watch List 96
Drug counterfeiting in China 97
China – Pricing and reimbursement 99
Pricing issues – continuing price cuts make China’s business environment uncertain 99
The process for setting drug prices in China 100
Price cuts and the elimination of hospital mark-ups will make drugs more affordable 101
New Methods and Regulations on Drug Prices 103
Reimbursement issues in China 106
National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) 107
Essential Drug List (EDL) 108
Preferential purchasing of domestic drugs will hamper growth of foreign brands 109
Hospitals purchase drugs through a tendering system 109
Government crack down on overprescribing 110
Government initiatives to reduce reliance on hospital drug distribution have meant retail pharmacies are growing in importance 110
4. China – Pharmaceutical sales analysis 112
China – Key findings 112
Pharmaceutical market size 112
Leading therapy areas 112
Leading prescription pharmaceutical brands 112
Leading pharmaceutical companies 113
China – Pharmaceutical market size 114
China – Leading therapy areas 116
Infectious diseases drugs hold the largest share of the Chinese market value 118
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) exhibited the strongest sales during 2005-09 119
China – Leading pharmaceutical brands 120
Shu Xue Ning achieved by far the highest sales in China in 2009 123
Ke Lin Ao 123
Plavix – FDA ‘black box’ warning may influence its sales in China 124
China – Leading pharmaceutical companies 125
The leading international companies held almost 18% of Chinese value market in 2009 126
The leading domestic companies experienced impressive growth 129
Shandong Qilu Pharma 131
Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma 131
5. China – Drug expiry analysis 133
China – Key findings 133
China generics market 133
China brand erosion post patent expiry 133
China biosimilars market 133
China – Generics market dynamics 135
China generics volume uptake 138
China generics value uptake 139
China generics market size 140
China – Generics drivers and resistors 141
Chinese government favors cheap generics 142
Domestic players can use their relationships with the government to enter preferred-supplier contracts with hospitals 142
Healthcare reforms aim to crack down on over prescription 142
Price cuts hit profitability of China’s generics companies 142
Patients start to shift from cheap generics to more expensive branded drugs 143
Poor perception of quality of limit uptake of Chinese-made drugs internationally 143
Improvement of IP law enforcement – both generics and foreign drug makers face challenges 143
Case of Pfizer’s Viagra fight in China 143
China – Key generics players 144
China – Small molecule brand erosion 146
China – Biosimilar market dynamics 147
China – drivers and resistors of biosimilar uptake 150
Lack of a specific biosimilars approval pathway 150
Low cost of Chinese biosimilar development 150
Patients’ preference for biosimilars versus biologics is split according to their financial status 150
Healthcare coverage expansion will drive the need for biosimilars 151
Domestic biosimilar producers are yet to fully realize their potential in China 151
Key biologics manufacturers in China 151
Opportunities for the biosimilar industry 152
Biosimilars in development in China 153
Currently barriers exist to development of biosimilar monoclonal antibodies in China 156
6. China – Pharmaceutical industry infrastructure analysis 158
China – Key findings 158
China – Pharmaceutical industry infrastructure overview 159
Introduction of policies to stimulate domestic R&D 159
Many multinational companies have opened R&D centers in China in recent years 160
Life science clusters play a crucial role in China-based R&D 160
China is becoming an increasingly popular destination for clinical trials 161
Drug manufacturing in China – GMP is improving but IP protection is insufficient for Western manufacturers 163
M&A on the rise again in China 164
China – Key company infrastructure 166
Pfizer 167
Pfizer’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 167
R&D and manufacturing 168
M&A activity 171
AstraZeneca 173
AstraZeneca’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 173
R&D and manufacturing 174
Sanofi-Aventis 179
Sanofi-Aventis’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 179
R&D and manufacturing 179
Bayer Schering Pharma 184
Bayer’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 184
R&D and manufacturing 184
M&A activity 188
Roche 189
Roche’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 189
R&D and manufacturing 189
M&A activity 193
Shandong Qilu Pharma 194
Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 194
R&D and manufacturing 194
Merck & Co. 197
Merck & Co.’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 197
R&D and manufacturing 198
Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma 202
Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 202
R&D and manufacturing 202
Novartis 205
Novartis’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 205
R&D and manufacturing 206
M&A activity 210
GlaxoSmithKline 211
GlaxoSmithKline’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 211
R&D and manufacturing 211
M&A activity 214
7. China – Bibliography 216
China – Executive summary 216
Publications and online articles 216
Datamonitor reports and products 217
China – Socio-demographic and Economic analysis 218
Publications and online articles 218
Datamonitor reports and products 223
China – Healthcare system and drug regulation 224
Publications and online articles 224
Datamonitor reports and products 229
China – Prescription pharmaceutical sales analysis 230
Publications and online articles 230
Datamonitor reports and products 230
China – Drug expiry analysis 231
Publications and online articles 231
Datamonitor reports and products 233
China – Industry infrastructure analysis 234
Publications and online articles 234
Datamonitor reports and products 238
Appendix 239
Exchange rates used in this report 239
Datamonitor prescription pharmaceutical definition and therapy area classification 240
About Datamonitor 241
About Datamonitor Healthcare 241
Datamonitor consulting 241
Disclaimer 242
Disclaimer 243
List of Tables
Table 1: China – changes in the key value drivers of the Chinese pharmaceutical market, 2005-09 6
Table 2: China – demographic indicators, 2005 and 2010 8
Table 3: China – key economic indicators, 2005-2012 10
Table 4: China – healthcare expenditure indicators, 2006-09 11
Table 5: China – a range of pricing and reimbursement tools are used, 2010 14
Table 6: China – sales (LCDm) and volume (SUm) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 16
Table 7: China – key metrics for the generics and biologics/biosimilars market, 2010 18
Table 8: China – sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data for the top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 20
Table 9: China – demographic indicators, 2005 and 2010 25
Table 10: China – top 10 causes of mortality, 2004 31
Table 11: China – disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 2004 32
Table 12: China – key economic indicators, 2005-2012 56
Table 13: China – healthcare expenditure indicators, 2006-09 70
Table 14: China – evolution of the Basic Medical Insurance System (BMI) for urban workers and non-workers, 2005-09 80
Table 15: China – evolution of the New Rural Co-operative Medical System (NRCMS), 2005-09 81
Table 16: China – hospital bed and healthcare worker density, 2003-04 83
Table 17: China – State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) New Drug Classification, 2007 87
Table 18: China – a range of pricing and reimbursement tools are used, 2010 99
Table 19: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) government pricing and government guided pricing guidelines, 2010 104
Table 20: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) guaranteed maximum price premium, 2010 104
Table 21: China – key drug lists and regulatory bodies, 2010 106
Table 22: China – sales (LCDm) and volume (SUm) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 115
Table 23: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales ($ m and %) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 117
Table 24: China – hospital pharmaceutical volume (SUm and %) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 118
Table 25: China – top 10 selling traditional Chinese medicines in hospital prescription drug market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 120
Table 26: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for top 20 pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 122
Table 27: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for top 20 pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 123
Table 28: China – hospital sales growth ($ and %) for the leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 127
Table 29: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for the leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 128
Table 30: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for the leading Chinese pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 129
Table 31: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for the leading Chinese pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 130
Table 32: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 131
Table 33: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 132
Table 34: China – key metrics for the generics and biologics/biosimilars market, 2010 134
Table 35: China – comparison of generic penetration versus other major pharmaceutical markets ($ billion and %), 2007-08 137
Table 36: China – leading domestic and foreign generics companies in the hospital segment, 2009 145
Table 37: China – hospital sales and market share ($ m and %) of domestically and internationally developed biologics (China and Hong Kong), 2009 148
Table 38: China – hospital sales($ m) for the top10 domestic/biologics manufacturers (China and Hong Kong), 2009 151
Table 39: China – global and domestic sales ($ m) for the top 10 biologics (China and Hong Kong hospital sales), 2009 152
Table 40: China – launched and developmental biosimilars in China, 2010 154
Table 41: China – sales ($ m) of monoclonal antibodies (China and Hong Kong),2009 156
Table 42: China – overview of the main domestic biotech and pharmaceutical companies located in Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park and Beijing Zhongguancun (ZGC) Life Science Park, 2010 161
Table 43: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales growth($ m and %) for the top 10 pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 166
Table 44: China – Pfizer’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 168
Table 45: China – Pfizer’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data (post-merger with Wyeth) compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 169
Table 46: China – Pfizer’s China-based M&A activities, 2010 172
Table 47: China – AstraZeneca’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 174
Table 48: China – AstraZeneca’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 176
Table 49: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status ($ m), 2010 (China and Hong Kong) 179
Table 50: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 181
Table 51: China – Bayer’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status ($ m), 2010 (China and Hong Kong) 184
Table 52: China – Bayer Schering’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 185
Table 53: China – Bayer Schering’s China-based M&A activities, 2008 188
Table 54: China – Roche’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 189
Table 55: China – Roche’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 190
Table 56: China – Roche’s China-based M&A activities, 1995-2010 193
Table 57: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 194
Table 58: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with the top 2 domestic companies in China, 2010 195
Table 59: China – Merck & Co.’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 197
Table 60: China – Merck & Co.’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 199
Table 61: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 202
Table 62: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s sales, R&D and manufacturing data compared with the top 2 domestic companies, 2010 203
Table 63: China – Novartis’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 205
Table 64: China – Novartis drugs recently listed on the NRDL, 2009 206
Table 65: China – Novartis’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 207
Table 66: China – Novartis’s China-based M&A activities, 2008-2010 210
Table 67: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 211
Table 68: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 212
Table 69: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s China-based M&A activities, 2008-2010 215
Table 70: Currency exchange rates, 2010 239
Table 71: ATC (anatomical therapeutic chemical) classification codes assigned to a given therapy area within the prescription pharmaceutical market 240
List of Figures
Figure 1: China – key value drivers of the Chinese pharmaceutical market, 2009 5
Figure 2: China – drivers and resistors facing branded pharmaceutical companies 7
Figure 3: China – Population (million) and population growth rate (%), 1950-2050 26
Figure 4: China – population growth compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 1950-2050 27
Figure 5: China – birth rates per 1,000 individuals compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 1950-2050 28
Figure 6: China – proportion of population over 65 years old compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations,1950-2050 29
Figure 7: China – life expectancy compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations,1950-2050 30
Figure 8: China – administrative regions of mainland China, 2010 37
Figure 9: China – total healthcare score by administrative region in mainland China, 2009 38
Figure 10: China – population density by administrative region in mainland China, number of people per square kilometer, 2009 39
Figure 11: China – GDP per capita ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 41
Figure 12: China – average urban household disposable income ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 42
Figure 13: China – average urban household healthcare expenditure ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 43
Figure 14: China – urban household healthcare expenditure as % of disposable income by administrative region, 2009 44
Figure 15: China – number of hospitals by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 46
Figure 16: China – number of Tier 3 hospitals by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 47
Figure 17: China – number of healthcare facilities by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 49
Figure 18: China – number of healthcare personnel by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 50
Figure 19: China – life expectancy by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 51
Figure 20: China – political departments of state power in the People’s Republic of China, 2010 53
Figure 21: China – GDP per capita growth rate compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 2008-09 57
Figure 22: China – GDP and Pharma annual growth rate of China compared to the global values, 2009-2010 58
Figure 23: China – GDP growth rate vs. foreign trade as % of GDP, 1960-2008 59
Figure 24: China – foreign direct investment, net inflows,1979-2008, net outflows, 2008 60
Figure 25: Unemployment rates in China, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, US, Canada, Australia, Japan, Brazil, India, and Russia, 1990-2008 63
Figure 26: China – foreign exchange rate, 1 RMB to USD, January 2006-August 2010 64
Figure 27: China – health expenditure as a proportion of GDP compared with North America, five major EU markets (5EU), Japan, Australia and other BRIC nations, 2006-07 69
Figure 28: China – healthcare industry regulatory bodies, 2010 71
Figure 29: China – major historical and forecast healthcare reform events, 1985-2020 73
Figure 30: China – four layers of Chinese medical insurance system, 2010 78
Figure 31: China – Organizational structure of the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA), 2010 84
Figure 32: China – subordinate drug evaluation bodies that directly report to the SFDA in China, 2010 85
Figure 33: China – Development of drug evaluation, 1949-2008 86
Figure 34: China – new drug application process and timing, 2007 88
Figure 35: China – application and approval procedure for imported drugs before clinical trials, 2010 89
Figure 36: China – application and approval procedure for imported drugs after clinical trials, 2010 90
Figure 37: China – domestic and international patent applications, 2007- 09 94
Figure 38: China – counterfeit drugs, number of incidents by year 2002-09, and by region, 2009 97
Figure 39: China -drug price setting process, 2009 100
Figure 40: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) policies on drug pricing, pre- and post-April 2009 102
Figure 41: China – three ways of drug pricing in China, 2010 103
Figure 42: China – number of drugs listed in the pharmacopeia, NRDL, EDL, 2010 106
Figure 43: China – National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL), 2004, 2009 and Essential Drug List (EDL), 2009 108
Figure 44: China – Ministry of Health categorization of reasonable and non-reasonable prescriptions, 2010 110
Figure 45: China – relative sales ($ ) and volume (SU) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 114
Figure 46: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales (%) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 116
Figure 47: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for the leading pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 121
Figure 48: China – hospital sales growth (%) for leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 125
Figure 49: China – value share of brands, generics and traditional Chinese medicines, 1999-2008 135
Figure 50: China – value share (%) of brands, generics and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), 1999-2008 136
Figure 51: China – comparison of generic volume (%) uptake versus other major pharmaceutical markets, 2007-08 138
Figure 52: China – comparison of generic value (%) uptake versus other major pharmaceutical markets, 2007-08 139
Figure 53: China – comparison of generics market size versus other pharmaceutical markets ($ billion), 2007-08 140
Figure 54: China – drivers and resistors of the generics market, 2010 141
Figure 55: China – indexed sales of Plavix and generic clopidogrel in the hospital segment, 2005-09 146
Figure 56: China – central government’s policies in favor of biotech development, 2006-09 149
Figure 57: China – drivers and resistors of biosimilar uptake 150
Figure 58: China – launched and developmental biosimilars in China, 2010 153
Figure 59: China – drivers and resistors to biosimilar monoclonal antibody entry, 2010 157
Figure 60: China – drivers and resistors for foreign and domestic players in innovative drug R&D 159
Figure 61: China – advantages and disadvantages of conducting clinical trials in China 162
Figure 62: China – international and domestic M&A deals in the pharmaceutical sector carried out in China, 2008-2010 165
Figure 63: China – Pfizer’s R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 170
Figure 64: China – Pfizer’s pharmaceutical operations (post-merger with Wyeth), 2010 171
Figure 65: China – AstraZeneca’s R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 177
Figure 66: China – AstraZeneca’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 178
Figure 67: China – Sanofi-Aventis R&D presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 182
Figure 68: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 183
Figure 69: China – Bayer Schering R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 186
Figure 70: China – Bayer Schering’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 187
Figure 71: China – Roche R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 191
Figure 72: China – Roche’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 192
Figure 73: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 196
Figure 74: China – Merck & Co.’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 200
Figure 75: China – Merck & Co.’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 201
Figure 76: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 204
Figure 77: China – Novartis’s sales, R&D infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 208
Figure 78: China – Novartis’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 209
Figure 79: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 213
Figure 80: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 214
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if what my brother-in-law say exist, and if someone knows what he’s talking approximately, then i’m ready to purchase today, but i’ve been told that don’t exist anymore. so now i have to wait 6-8 months until i come up with the additional 10% down without liquidating my mutual funds.hi jeremy, i do have documents to verify my income and investments. i don’t carry any debt and i do pay off my cc every month. actually i only use one of my credit cards which offers money back on new purchases and i pay it off every month. as far as waiting for 6-8 months, i don’t really have to wait if they have a 80/10/10 loan or a 90/10 loan. i’m trying to avod PMI. lol. i just don’t want to liquidate my investments to purchase an internal flop now for the 80/20 no pmi loan. so if i have to wait another 6-8 months to come up with the additional 10%downwards then i would.i’m in orange county california btw