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Marketsensus: China Pharmaceutical Market Shows Signs of Phenomenal Growth of 26.5%

China Pharmaceutical Market

Hong Kong (PRWEB) September 15, 2011

This Marketsensus report provides complete overview on the China pharmaceutical Market

The Chinese hospital prescription pharma market generated sales of $ 22.9 billion in 2009, with an annual growth rate of 26.5% between 2008 and 2009. Key growth drivers include China’s support of foreign direct investment, low operating costs, growing economic wealth and a government stimulus of $ 125 billion to be spent on healthcare reforms during 2009–2011.

Overview of socioeconomic and demographic trends, healthcare system, regulation, pricing and reimbursement and intellectual property position in China

Assesses the size of the Chinese pharmaceutical market by prescribing setting, therapy area, leading brands and by leading companies

Examines the Chinese generics and biosimilars landscape in terms of regulatory issues, level of penetration, key players and degree of brand erosion

Quantifies the R&D and manufacturing infrastructure for the leading pharmaceutical companies, including key metrics and domestic M&A analysis

Report Highlights

The combination of China’s rising population to 2030, plus the expansion of the elderly population, as a proportion of the total population, will create additional pressure on the government in terms of healthcare provision especially for the elderly.

According to the Ministry of Health, by the end of October 2010, the three public health insurance schemes covered 1,233 million Chinese citizens, accounting for more than 90% of the total population.

Domestic manufacturers dominate the Chinese generics market, accounting for nearly 99% of generics sales of both branded and unbranded generics. The domestic industry has expanded rapidly as companies have improved their manufacturing capacities.

Reasons to Purchase

Evaluate the evolving regulatory landscape and the impact of pricing and reimbursement controls on market access in China

Quantify the size and growth of the prescription pharmaceutical market in China, analyzing key therapy areas, brands and companies

Assess drivers and resistors of generic and biosimilars uptake in China

About the Strategic Pharmaceutical Analysis Team 2

Geographic specific reports: 2

Global issue reports: 2

Executive Summary 3

Introduction 3

Strategic scoping and focus 4

Key findings – Healthcare drivers and resistors in China 5

China – Socio-demographic and economic analysis 8

Socio-demographic trends 8

Socio-economic trends 9

China – Healthcare system and drug regulatory analysis 11

Healthcare expenditure 11

Healthcare system 12

Healthcare insurance 12

Regulatory issues 12

Pricing and reimbursement issues 13

China – Prescription pharmaceutical sales analysis 15

Pharmaceutical market size 15

Leading therapy areas 15

Leading prescription pharmaceutical brands 15

Leading pharmaceutical companies 15

China – Drug expiry analysis 17

China generics market 17

China brand erosion post patent expiry 17

China biosimilars market 17

China – Pharmaceutical Industry Infrastructure analysis 19

Related reports 21

Upcoming related reports 21

Table of Contents 22

2. China – Socio-demographic and economic analysis 23

China – Key findings 23

Socio-demographic trends 23

Socio-economic trends 23

China – Demographic trends 25

Chinese population growth rate expected to slow 25

Birth rate in China is declining 28

Proportion of elderly people in the China expected to rise 29

Life expectancy will continue to increase in China and across other markets 30

China – Disease burden 31

No longer Kingdom of Bicycles, but still Kingdom of Cigarettes 33

Demographic changes lead to increase in more Westernized chronic conditions 33

Tuberculosis prevalence is high but is declining 34

Hepatitis incidence increasing despite universal vaccination coverage 34

China – Regional score card analysis 36

Mainland China is divided into 31 administrative regions (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, and 4 municipality cities) 37

Total healthcare scores of different regions in China 38

The eastern coastal provinces are more densely populated than the western interior 39

Disparity of economic development directly impacts the healthcare expenditure 40

Most hospitals are situated in big cities in China 45

Lifeexpectancy is higher in the eastern coastal provinces 51

China – Political climate 52

Overview of Chinese governmental departments and healthcare reform policies 52

China – Economic climate 55

Government’s stimulus plan compensates for the global recession 55

Pharma has historically been relatively well insulated from the recession 58

China – Business environment 59

Factors responsible for driving China’s strong GDP growth 59

Foreign direct investment is contributing to economic growth 59

Low cost manufacturing drivers exports 60

Taxation system in China – complex but R&D tax credits exist 61

Corruption remains widespread 61

Cultural differences and the language barrier can impact business with Western companies 62

China’s unemployment rate – official versus unofficial reports 62

Renminbi (RMB) appreciation and its impact on the pharmaceutical industry 63

3. China – Healthcare system and drug regulatory analysis 66

China – Key findings 66

Healthcare expenditure 66

Healthcare system 66

Healthcare insurance 66

Regulatory issues 67

Pricing and reimbursement issues 67

China – Healthcare expenditure 69

China – Healthcare system 71

Regulatory healthcare bodies 71

Ministry of Health sets the high-level policies 72

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security oversees the national medical insurance system 72

The National Council for Social Security Fund is often surrounded by scandals 72

China Insurance Regulatory Commission regulates private insurance sector 72

National Development and Reform Commission oversees overall policy development 72

State Administration for Industry and Commerce 73

China’s healthcare reform 73

China healthcare reform, 2010-2020 The Glorious Ten? 75

China – Health insurance 77

China – Social health insurance 78

The introduction of the urban employee Basic Medical Insurance System has improved health insurance coverage in cities 79

The unemployed are offered a very basic health insurance 80

Rural health insurance coverage is increasing but the benefits are insufficient 80

China – Private health insurance 82

Primary versus secondary care 83

China – Regulatory issues 84

State Food and Drug Administration is the watchdog for drug registration and safety issues 84

Evolution of the SFDA 85

Drug classification in China 87

Drug Monitoring Period 87

Drug registration in China 87

New Provisions for Drug Registration led to a fall in drug approvals 91

New pathway for expedited drug approval 91

GMP regulation in China 92

Intellectual property protection 93

State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) 93

China provides 6 years of data exclusivity for pharmaceuticals, but it is not applied adequately in practice 94

Patent breakage 95

Case of Pfizer’s Viagra fight in China 95

China’s compulsory licensing policy is a cause for concern 96

Despite improvements China remains on the USTR Priority Watch List 96

Drug counterfeiting in China 97

China – Pricing and reimbursement 99

Pricing issues – continuing price cuts make China’s business environment uncertain 99

The process for setting drug prices in China 100

Price cuts and the elimination of hospital mark-ups will make drugs more affordable 101

New Methods and Regulations on Drug Prices 103

Reimbursement issues in China 106

National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) 107

Essential Drug List (EDL) 108

Preferential purchasing of domestic drugs will hamper growth of foreign brands 109

Hospitals purchase drugs through a tendering system 109

Government crack down on overprescribing 110

Government initiatives to reduce reliance on hospital drug distribution have meant retail pharmacies are growing in importance 110

4. China – Pharmaceutical sales analysis 112

China – Key findings 112

Pharmaceutical market size 112

Leading therapy areas 112

Leading prescription pharmaceutical brands 112

Leading pharmaceutical companies 113

China – Pharmaceutical market size 114

China – Leading therapy areas 116

Infectious diseases drugs hold the largest share of the Chinese market value 118

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) exhibited the strongest sales during 2005-09 119

China – Leading pharmaceutical brands 120

Shu Xue Ning achieved by far the highest sales in China in 2009 123

Ke Lin Ao 123

Plavix – FDA ‘black box’ warning may influence its sales in China 124

China – Leading pharmaceutical companies 125

The leading international companies held almost 18% of Chinese value market in 2009 126

The leading domestic companies experienced impressive growth 129

Shandong Qilu Pharma 131

Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma 131

5. China – Drug expiry analysis 133

China – Key findings 133

China generics market 133

China brand erosion post patent expiry 133

China biosimilars market 133

China – Generics market dynamics 135

China generics volume uptake 138

China generics value uptake 139

China generics market size 140

China – Generics drivers and resistors 141

Chinese government favors cheap generics 142

Domestic players can use their relationships with the government to enter preferred-supplier contracts with hospitals 142

Healthcare reforms aim to crack down on over prescription 142

Price cuts hit profitability of China’s generics companies 142

Patients start to shift from cheap generics to more expensive branded drugs 143

Poor perception of quality of limit uptake of Chinese-made drugs internationally 143

Improvement of IP law enforcement – both generics and foreign drug makers face challenges 143

Case of Pfizer’s Viagra fight in China 143

China – Key generics players 144

China – Small molecule brand erosion 146

China – Biosimilar market dynamics 147

China – drivers and resistors of biosimilar uptake 150

Lack of a specific biosimilars approval pathway 150

Low cost of Chinese biosimilar development 150

Patients’ preference for biosimilars versus biologics is split according to their financial status 150

Healthcare coverage expansion will drive the need for biosimilars 151

Domestic biosimilar producers are yet to fully realize their potential in China 151

Key biologics manufacturers in China 151

Opportunities for the biosimilar industry 152

Biosimilars in development in China 153

Currently barriers exist to development of biosimilar monoclonal antibodies in China 156

6. China – Pharmaceutical industry infrastructure analysis 158

China – Key findings 158

China – Pharmaceutical industry infrastructure overview 159

Introduction of policies to stimulate domestic R&D 159

Many multinational companies have opened R&D centers in China in recent years 160

Life science clusters play a crucial role in China-based R&D 160

China is becoming an increasingly popular destination for clinical trials 161

Drug manufacturing in China – GMP is improving but IP protection is insufficient for Western manufacturers 163

M&A on the rise again in China 164

China – Key company infrastructure 166

Pfizer 167

Pfizer’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 167

R&D and manufacturing 168

M&A activity 171

AstraZeneca 173

AstraZeneca’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 173

R&D and manufacturing 174

Sanofi-Aventis 179

Sanofi-Aventis’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 179

R&D and manufacturing 179

Bayer Schering Pharma 184

Bayer’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 184

R&D and manufacturing 184

M&A activity 188

Roche 189

Roche’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 189

R&D and manufacturing 189

M&A activity 193

Shandong Qilu Pharma 194

Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 194

R&D and manufacturing 194

Merck & Co. 197

Merck & Co.’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 197

R&D and manufacturing 198

Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma 202

Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status 202

R&D and manufacturing 202

Novartis 205

Novartis’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 205

R&D and manufacturing 206

M&A activity 210

GlaxoSmithKline 211

GlaxoSmithKline’s top 10 selling drugs and their reimbursement status 211

R&D and manufacturing 211

M&A activity 214

7. China – Bibliography 216

China – Executive summary 216

Publications and online articles 216

Datamonitor reports and products 217

China – Socio-demographic and Economic analysis 218

Publications and online articles 218

Datamonitor reports and products 223

China – Healthcare system and drug regulation 224

Publications and online articles 224

Datamonitor reports and products 229

China – Prescription pharmaceutical sales analysis 230

Publications and online articles 230

Datamonitor reports and products 230

China – Drug expiry analysis 231

Publications and online articles 231

Datamonitor reports and products 233

China – Industry infrastructure analysis 234

Publications and online articles 234

Datamonitor reports and products 238

Appendix 239

Exchange rates used in this report 239

Datamonitor prescription pharmaceutical definition and therapy area classification 240

About Datamonitor 241

About Datamonitor Healthcare 241

Datamonitor consulting 241

Disclaimer 242

Disclaimer 243

List of Tables

Table 1: China – changes in the key value drivers of the Chinese pharmaceutical market, 2005-09 6

Table 2: China – demographic indicators, 2005 and 2010 8

Table 3: China – key economic indicators, 2005-2012 10

Table 4: China – healthcare expenditure indicators, 2006-09 11

Table 5: China – a range of pricing and reimbursement tools are used, 2010 14

Table 6: China – sales (LCDm) and volume (SUm) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 16

Table 7: China – key metrics for the generics and biologics/biosimilars market, 2010 18

Table 8: China – sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data for the top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 20

Table 9: China – demographic indicators, 2005 and 2010 25

Table 10: China – top 10 causes of mortality, 2004 31

Table 11: China – disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 2004 32

Table 12: China – key economic indicators, 2005-2012 56

Table 13: China – healthcare expenditure indicators, 2006-09 70

Table 14: China – evolution of the Basic Medical Insurance System (BMI) for urban workers and non-workers, 2005-09 80

Table 15: China – evolution of the New Rural Co-operative Medical System (NRCMS), 2005-09 81

Table 16: China – hospital bed and healthcare worker density, 2003-04 83

Table 17: China – State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) New Drug Classification, 2007 87

Table 18: China – a range of pricing and reimbursement tools are used, 2010 99

Table 19: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) government pricing and government guided pricing guidelines, 2010 104

Table 20: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) guaranteed maximum price premium, 2010 104

Table 21: China – key drug lists and regulatory bodies, 2010 106

Table 22: China – sales (LCDm) and volume (SUm) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 115

Table 23: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales ($ m and %) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 117

Table 24: China – hospital pharmaceutical volume (SUm and %) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 118

Table 25: China – top 10 selling traditional Chinese medicines in hospital prescription drug market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 120

Table 26: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for top 20 pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 122

Table 27: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for top 20 pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 123

Table 28: China – hospital sales growth ($ and %) for the leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 127

Table 29: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for the leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 128

Table 30: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for the leading Chinese pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 129

Table 31: China – hospital volume growth (SUm and %) for the leading Chinese pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 130

Table 32: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 131

Table 33: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 132

Table 34: China – key metrics for the generics and biologics/biosimilars market, 2010 134

Table 35: China – comparison of generic penetration versus other major pharmaceutical markets ($ billion and %), 2007-08 137

Table 36: China – leading domestic and foreign generics companies in the hospital segment, 2009 145

Table 37: China – hospital sales and market share ($ m and %) of domestically and internationally developed biologics (China and Hong Kong), 2009 148

Table 38: China – hospital sales($ m) for the top10 domestic/biologics manufacturers (China and Hong Kong), 2009 151

Table 39: China – global and domestic sales ($ m) for the top 10 biologics (China and Hong Kong hospital sales), 2009 152

Table 40: China – launched and developmental biosimilars in China, 2010 154

Table 41: China – sales ($ m) of monoclonal antibodies (China and Hong Kong),2009 156

Table 42: China – overview of the main domestic biotech and pharmaceutical companies located in Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park and Beijing Zhongguancun (ZGC) Life Science Park, 2010 161

Table 43: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales growth($ m and %) for the top 10 pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2009 166

Table 44: China – Pfizer’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 168

Table 45: China – Pfizer’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data (post-merger with Wyeth) compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 169

Table 46: China – Pfizer’s China-based M&A activities, 2010 172

Table 47: China – AstraZeneca’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 174

Table 48: China – AstraZeneca’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 176

Table 49: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status ($ m), 2010 (China and Hong Kong) 179

Table 50: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 181

Table 51: China – Bayer’s top 10 selling drugs and their NRDL status ($ m), 2010 (China and Hong Kong) 184

Table 52: China – Bayer Schering’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 185

Table 53: China – Bayer Schering’s China-based M&A activities, 2008 188

Table 54: China – Roche’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 189

Table 55: China – Roche’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 190

Table 56: China – Roche’s China-based M&A activities, 1995-2010 193

Table 57: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 194

Table 58: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with the top 2 domestic companies in China, 2010 195

Table 59: China – Merck & Co.’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 197

Table 60: China – Merck & Co.’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 199

Table 61: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 202

Table 62: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s sales, R&D and manufacturing data compared with the top 2 domestic companies, 2010 203

Table 63: China – Novartis’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 205

Table 64: China – Novartis drugs recently listed on the NRDL, 2009 206

Table 65: China – Novartis’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 207

Table 66: China – Novartis’s China-based M&A activities, 2008-2010 210

Table 67: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s top 10 selling drugs ($ m) and their NRDL status (China and Hong Kong), 2010 211

Table 68: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 212

Table 69: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s China-based M&A activities, 2008-2010 215

Table 70: Currency exchange rates, 2010 239

Table 71: ATC (anatomical therapeutic chemical) classification codes assigned to a given therapy area within the prescription pharmaceutical market 240

List of Figures

Figure 1: China – key value drivers of the Chinese pharmaceutical market, 2009 5

Figure 2: China – drivers and resistors facing branded pharmaceutical companies 7

Figure 3: China – Population (million) and population growth rate (%), 1950-2050 26

Figure 4: China – population growth compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 1950-2050 27

Figure 5: China – birth rates per 1,000 individuals compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 1950-2050 28

Figure 6: China – proportion of population over 65 years old compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations,1950-2050 29

Figure 7: China – life expectancy compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations,1950-2050 30

Figure 8: China – administrative regions of mainland China, 2010 37

Figure 9: China – total healthcare score by administrative region in mainland China, 2009 38

Figure 10: China – population density by administrative region in mainland China, number of people per square kilometer, 2009 39

Figure 11: China – GDP per capita ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 41

Figure 12: China – average urban household disposable income ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 42

Figure 13: China – average urban household healthcare expenditure ($ ) by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 43

Figure 14: China – urban household healthcare expenditure as % of disposable income by administrative region, 2009 44

Figure 15: China – number of hospitals by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 46

Figure 16: China – number of Tier 3 hospitals by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 47

Figure 17: China – number of healthcare facilities by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 49

Figure 18: China – number of healthcare personnel by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 50

Figure 19: China – life expectancy by administrative region in mainland China, 2008 51

Figure 20: China – political departments of state power in the People’s Republic of China, 2010 53

Figure 21: China – GDP per capita growth rate compared with North America, Japan, the five major EU countries (5EU), Australia, and other BRIC nations, 2008-09 57

Figure 22: China – GDP and Pharma annual growth rate of China compared to the global values, 2009-2010 58

Figure 23: China – GDP growth rate vs. foreign trade as % of GDP, 1960-2008 59

Figure 24: China – foreign direct investment, net inflows,1979-2008, net outflows, 2008 60

Figure 25: Unemployment rates in China, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, US, Canada, Australia, Japan, Brazil, India, and Russia, 1990-2008 63

Figure 26: China – foreign exchange rate, 1 RMB to USD, January 2006-August 2010 64

Figure 27: China – health expenditure as a proportion of GDP compared with North America, five major EU markets (5EU), Japan, Australia and other BRIC nations, 2006-07 69

Figure 28: China – healthcare industry regulatory bodies, 2010 71

Figure 29: China – major historical and forecast healthcare reform events, 1985-2020 73

Figure 30: China – four layers of Chinese medical insurance system, 2010 78

Figure 31: China – Organizational structure of the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA), 2010 84

Figure 32: China – subordinate drug evaluation bodies that directly report to the SFDA in China, 2010 85

Figure 33: China – Development of drug evaluation, 1949-2008 86

Figure 34: China – new drug application process and timing, 2007 88

Figure 35: China – application and approval procedure for imported drugs before clinical trials, 2010 89

Figure 36: China – application and approval procedure for imported drugs after clinical trials, 2010 90

Figure 37: China – domestic and international patent applications, 2007- 09 94

Figure 38: China – counterfeit drugs, number of incidents by year 2002-09, and by region, 2009 97

Figure 39: China -drug price setting process, 2009 100

Figure 40: China – National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) policies on drug pricing, pre- and post-April 2009 102

Figure 41: China – three ways of drug pricing in China, 2010 103

Figure 42: China – number of drugs listed in the pharmacopeia, NRDL, EDL, 2010 106

Figure 43: China – National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL), 2004, 2009 and Essential Drug List (EDL), 2009 108

Figure 44: China – Ministry of Health categorization of reasonable and non-reasonable prescriptions, 2010 110

Figure 45: China – relative sales ($ ) and volume (SU) of the hospital prescription pharmaceutical market (China and Hong Kong), 2009 114

Figure 46: China – hospital pharmaceutical sales (%) by therapy area (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 116

Figure 47: China – hospital sales growth ($ m and %) for the leading pharmaceutical brands (China and Hong Kong), 2009 121

Figure 48: China – hospital sales growth (%) for leading pharmaceutical companies (China and Hong Kong), 2005-09 125

Figure 49: China – value share of brands, generics and traditional Chinese medicines, 1999-2008 135

Figure 50: China – value share (%) of brands, generics and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), 1999-2008 136

Figure 51: China – comparison of generic volume (%) uptake versus other major pharmaceutical markets, 2007-08 138

Figure 52: China – comparison of generic value (%) uptake versus other major pharmaceutical markets, 2007-08 139

Figure 53: China – comparison of generics market size versus other pharmaceutical markets ($ billion), 2007-08 140

Figure 54: China – drivers and resistors of the generics market, 2010 141

Figure 55: China – indexed sales of Plavix and generic clopidogrel in the hospital segment, 2005-09 146

Figure 56: China – central government’s policies in favor of biotech development, 2006-09 149

Figure 57: China – drivers and resistors of biosimilar uptake 150

Figure 58: China – launched and developmental biosimilars in China, 2010 153

Figure 59: China – drivers and resistors to biosimilar monoclonal antibody entry, 2010 157

Figure 60: China – drivers and resistors for foreign and domestic players in innovative drug R&D 159

Figure 61: China – advantages and disadvantages of conducting clinical trials in China 162

Figure 62: China – international and domestic M&A deals in the pharmaceutical sector carried out in China, 2008-2010 165

Figure 63: China – Pfizer’s R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 170

Figure 64: China – Pfizer’s pharmaceutical operations (post-merger with Wyeth), 2010 171

Figure 65: China – AstraZeneca’s R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 177

Figure 66: China – AstraZeneca’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 178

Figure 67: China – Sanofi-Aventis R&D presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 182

Figure 68: China – Sanofi-Aventis’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 183

Figure 69: China – Bayer Schering R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 186

Figure 70: China – Bayer Schering’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 187

Figure 71: China – Roche R&D and manufacturing presence compared with top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 191

Figure 72: China – Roche’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 192

Figure 73: China – Shandong Qilu Pharma’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 196

Figure 74: China – Merck & Co.’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 200

Figure 75: China – Merck & Co.’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 201

Figure 76: China – Jiangsu Yangzijiang Pharma’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 204

Figure 77: China – Novartis’s sales, R&D infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 208

Figure 78: China – Novartis’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 209

Figure 79: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s sales, R&D and manufacturing infrastructure data compared with other top 8 multinational companies in China, 2010 213

Figure 80: China – GlaxoSmithKline’s pharmaceutical operations, 2010 214

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